If your skin’s acting up, it’s safe to say that your hormones could be to blame. But you can also thank your hormones for those times of the month when your breakouts ease up, your pores are on point, and your complexion is perfection. 

Week two of your menstrual cycle is where it’s at, and we’re breaking down what your skin is doing during this stage, why it’s the perfect time to exfoliate, and what to use for the ultimate skin renewal. Let’s glow. 

What happens to my body during week two of my cycle? 

You’re probably familiar with the menstrual cycle drill; an egg develops and releases from the ovaries, the lining of the uterus thickens, and if a pregnancy doesn’t occur, that lining sheds and creates a period, and the whole thing starts all over again. The Menstrual phase is when you’re bleeding, followed by the Follicular phase, then the Ovulation phase, then finally the Luteal phase. Keep in mind these can be different for each person. 

Week two is the Follicular phase, and this is when your estrogen levels supercharge and eventually peak to trigger ovulation. There’s usually a bit of overlap between the Menstrual and Follicular phases, but when it finally kicks in, the hypothalamus (a part of the brain) sends a signal to the pituitary gland (sort of like the master gland for the hormones) to send out the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 

This stimulates the ovaries to produce roughly between 5 and 20 small ‘follicles’, each containing an egg. This phase typically lasts on average 16 days but can be shorter or longer depending on your individual cycle. 

OK, so what’s my skin doing during this time? 

It’s actually behaving itself for a change, that’s what! In all seriousness, your skin is unique to you so you may not find this to be the case, but as a general rule, the Follicular phase is when skin starts to settle down and look its best. 

The increase in hormones not only stimulates the production of follicles, it also stimulates skin cell turnover by producing collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid - all essential for healthy, bright, clear skin. As your bleed comes to an end, you may still have some leftover acne from the week leading up to your period (you know how PMS skin can be), but you’ll likely notice your complexion start to clear up, become less oily, and take on a ‘glow’ as your progesterone levels increase.

The Follicular phase is also when pores tend to become larger as you get closer to the Ovulation phase, which is why exfoliating is key during this time. All in all, it’s not a bad phase for your skin! 

That doesn’t sound so bad. Why do I need to change anything? 

It’s not bad at all, it’s probably when you’ll notice your best skin during the month. While you may not need to do anything differently during this time (especially when you’re younger), starting a solid skincare routine that takes into account everything your hormones are doing will set you up for great skin in future. 

A long term skincare routine helps keep your complexion healthy and allows you to maintain that brightness for longer, so start now - yes, now. 

Sounds good! How exactly do I look after my skin in week two? 

Your Follicular phase skin routine doesn’t need to stray too far from what you normally do if it’s already working for you. A gentle cleanser and moisturiser is key to helping skin settle down from the inflammation of the Menstrual phase, and depending on your skin type, you’ll want to choose a moisturiser that’s oil-free so as not to clog up those slightly larger pores. 

But the secret to this phase? Exfoliation. Your pores are open, your skin cells are busy renewing, so it’s time to get in there and help clear away any dead skin cells and impurities. Don’t overdo this step in your routine, as you’ll want to avoid overstimulating skin so much that it produces more oil. This can cause havoc in the pre-menstrual phase… hello acne!

I’m on it! What products should I use? 

There are lots of ways to exfoliate the skin; gloves and cloths, products with natural beads, exfoliating natural acids, and more. Choose what works for you and add this to your routine a few days after your bleeding stops and any acne has calmed down. 

And if you’re looking for a product that’s specially designed for this phase of the menstrual cycle - with hormones in mind - Yoppie's Spring Renewal Face Mask is a game-changer you’ll want to try out for yourself. 

It’s drenched in exfoliating ingredients (like glycolic acid and papaya powder) to remove dead skin cells, minimise the appearance of pores and even skin tone. It also treats your complexion to a brightening vitamin C boost from orange fruit extract, and soothes skin with orange flower water. Plus it’s hypoallergenic, cruelty-free, and made using organic cotton. A major skin win for week two of your cycle. 

Got more questions about this phase in your menstrual cycle? We’re all ears! Ask away in our private Facebook group or on Insta @itsyoppie. Don't forget that our personalised period box can get menstrual cycle care from organic tampons to hormonal supplements and more delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox so you've got one less thing to worry about during your cycle.

Why Exfoliate Your Skin During Week 2 Of Your Cycle

Cleanse, tone, moisturise. It’s the basis of most skincare routines, so the majority of us will be applying moisturiser every day, morning and evening. That’s a lot of moisturiser, which comes in a lot of plastic packaging each time you buy it. 

It’s time to find yourself a plastic-free moisturiser to help out when your skin is most in need of hydration. Here’s why you need it, how to find a great plastic-free alternative, and how Yoppie can help keep your skin hydrated.

If you’re not a fan of slathering on the morning moisturiser or the night cream, you may find that your skin will become particularly dry at certain times of the month - but we’ll get to the menstrual cycle part later. Even without hormones having their say, your skin can always benefit from extra hydration to keep it healthy. 

Moisturising essentially traps water in the skin, and helps it hydrate the deeper layers. Though dry skin isn’t thought of as a huge issue, it can lead to irritation, itching, painful cracks in skin, infections and more. Plus, it makes skin look lacklustre and dull. Whether you choose to use a heavy-duty moisturiser for extreme cases of dry skin, or simply a cosmetic product for general hydration, it can keep skin looking hydrated, healthy and fresh. 

Moisturiser is typically applied after other steps in your routine (but not sunscreen, that goes last). Moisturiser acts as a barrier to seal in water, so by applying everything else first, you’re sealing in all the goodness from your serums and what-not. 

If you suffer from acne, you may think the drier your skin is, the better, but that’s a common misconception. In fact, applying moisturiser twice a day after cleansing could reduce your skin’s overproduction of oil, and in turn, reduce acne.

How bad is moisturiser packaging for the environment? 

In short? Pretty bad. The global personal care industry is worth $500 billion per year, and relies heavily on plastic packaging. According to Statista, 31.25% of UK consumers buy new skincare products once a month, and 12.95% buy new skincare products “several times per month”. The downside? An estimated 70% of it ends up in landfills, which causes major problems for our environment. 

But it wasn’t always this way; back in the 18th and 19th centuries, products like perfume, creams, and other items almost always came in glass and ceramic containers as they conveyed a sense of luxury. In the mid-20th century, the personal care industry began using plastic along with many other industries, as it was lightweight, flexible, and sturdy for transporting. All that plastic eventually breaks down to form microbeads, and these plastic particles make their way into our oceans to be ingested by marine life. 

How do I find a plastic-free alternative? 

There’s been a boom in eco-friendly products and packaging recently thanks to consumers’ outrage over the amount of plastic that ends up in landfills and oceans, and many brands are starting to switch to more sustainable options like lighter weight packaging that uses less material, recycled materials, packaging that’s designed for recyclability, and labels that include recycling guidance. Packaging Digest has also reported a rise in the health and beauty industry’s use of cartons for their transportability and sturdiness, growing from 9% to 19% since 2010.

When you’re looking for a new moisturiser, take a few more minutes out of your day to look into the packaging and understand what you are buying. Look for products that come in reusable or recyclable packaging, make the most of any refill schemes or recycling initiatives that the brand is involved in, and do some research to find brands that are actually making changes to help the environment, not the ones who simply say they are. 

You can also keep an eye out for labels like Rainforest Alliance Certified, ECOCERT and Fairtrade to make sure the ingredients inside the product are also sustainably sourced. 

How long will it take my skin to get used to a new product? 

Like anything new, your body will need some time to get used to a new moisturiser, so don’t panic if you break out or don’t see results right away. It is usually recommended that you give any new skincare routine between six and twelve weeks, to allow skin the time to get used to the ingredients and bypass any initial unwanted results. 

Of course, if you immediately see irritation, feel itching, or experience anything particularly unpleasant, it’s probably best to call it quits, but otherwise give it a decent amount of time before you jump ship. 

My skin is really dry when I start my period. What can I do? 

Ah yes, hormones! If you usually suffer from dry skin, then you may find that week 1 of your cycle (known as Menstruation - the bit when you start to bleed) has your skin looking and feeling like the Sahara Desert. Don’t worry, you’re not the only one. 

During this phase of your cycle, your estrogen and progesterone levels are at their lowest, which decreases the water content in the epidermis, making skin feel more dry, dehydrated, and sensitive than before. 

Upping your moisturising routine can help, but if you want a dedicated treatment (that’s also eco-friendly!) our biodegradable Winter Revival face mask is designed specially for those dry days. It uses sustainably sourced, hydrating and nourishing ingredients, and there’s absolutely no animal testing. Plus it comes in fully recyclable packaging, so you can pop on your mask, hydrate your parched skin, and indulge in a glorious guilt-free self-care ritual that’s great for your skin and the environment. 

Do you suffer from dry skin during your period? How do you deal with it? We’d love to know! Shout out over in our private Facebook group, or drop us a note on Insta @itsyoppie. Don't forget that our personalised menstrual care subscription can get organic tampons, PMS supplements and much more (including skincare) delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox so you've got one less thing to worry about during your cycle.

Why Everyone Needs Plastic Free Moisturiser

Let’s face it; most references to sex toys in pop culture turn them into the butt of a joke. On TV they are routinely seen as something shameful or embarrassing to have in your drawer. While most people don’t fancy shouting proudly about their vibrator, we think it’s time to stop pretending that buzzing noise by our bedside is a neck massager. Who are we fooling? 

Let’s take a look at vibrators, how to use them safely, the eco-friendly options, and why you shouldn’t feel embarrassed to own one. But first… 

There has long been speculation over the origin of your pleasurable plastic pal. For years it has been believed that Victorian era women who suffered from “hysteria” were treated by doctors by getting a good old fashioned hand job. 

Doctors would do the deed, the hysteria would be cured, and later doctors supposedly invented a time-saving device to take over the medical masturbating. Seems innocent enough, right? But if the idea of women in Victorian England being chill about this kind of sexual encounter at the doc’s office seems ridiculous to you, that’s because it is. 

This myth began after a book was published by author Rachel Maines in 1999 titled “Technology of Orgasm”, in which she cites many sources to back up the story. Maines later said she meant her book to be taken as an “interesting hypothesis”, not fact. Years later, the story is still believed and continues to be told as a fun fact at dinner parties to this day. 

In reality, since obscenity laws stopped the advertising of anything sexual, vibrators likely began as ‘massagers’ - devices that promised to massage away tension in the muscles. Massagers were marketed, and though suggestive (sometimes heavily so), it could always be argued that they were used to help with relaxation and muscle stiffness. Wink, wink. 

The vibrators we know today appeared on the market around the 1950s, and by the 1960s, were commonly and openly advertised as vibrators (the sexy kind). Although they were regularly purchased, nobody wanted to be caught buying them, and even today, vibrators are still seen as secretive, private things. 

When the TV show Sex and the City (pretty out-there for its time) aired an episode in 1998 featuring the women discovering the rabbit sex toy, it was a defining pop culture moment for the vibrator. Finally, a prime time show was talking about how vibrators are totally normal!

Today, you won’t find vibrators on the shelves in your local supermarket, but it’s relatively easy to find one online. Heck, Amazon can get one to your door same-day if you have Prime. Those randy Victorians would have a field day!

There are quite literally thousands of sex toys; some vibrating, some not. We’ll focus on the most popular vibrating toys here:

The bullet: Tiny enough to carry in your handbag, this is regarded as the ‘starter vibrator’, as it’s so dainty. If you’re nervous about getting a vibrator, start here. 

The rabbit: Main characteristic? The dual-end, where the longer end goes inside and a smaller ‘finger’ sits outside, giving both vaginal penetration and clitoral stimulation. 

The wand: Looks a bit like a microphone, with a bulbous vibrating end that can be held against the clitoris. Simple, does the job, and if you’re worried about getting caught with a vibrator, this one is the most believable as a neck massager. 

Internal vibrator: A long stick-like vibrator with a buzzing end shaped perfectly to help stimulate the G-spot. 

Remote control vibrators: Yes, hands-free. Much like the rabbit, but more discreet for taking it out-and-about. If you’re into starting your foreplay in the restaurant, give your partner the remote.

Suction vibrator: Designed to replicate a sucking motion, this vibrator sits over the clitoris to simulate the feeling of oral sex.

Anal vibrators: These are inserted into the anus for a little rear end stimulation. 

Each vibrator is different and should come with instructions so you get the best out of them. Some are inserted into the vagina or anus, while others sit outside to stimulate the clitoris, but in most cases, you can use them in whatever way feels good to you. You’ll want to use a lubricant to make the process easy and feel good. 

We don’t know! Most people prefer to keep their sex life private, and that includes their use of toys. If you feel like you’re the only one who doesn’t have one, don’t worry about it. Not everyone likes the idea of using a device down there. Whatever you prefer, don’t ever feel embarrassed by your lack of sex toys - they’re not everyone’s cup of tea. 

"I just think there is something inherently embarrassing about a vibrator. It's not something most people say they've got; nobody talks about that, it's still a secret kind of thing…” - Maggie Gyllenhaal, Actor

No vibrator should hurt when you use it. If it does, it may not be the one for you. Don’t feel you need to persevere through pain. Switch to a different type that fits more comfortably with your body. 

Cleaning your vibrator after every use is important to prevent infections, especially if the anus is involved, or if you’re sharing with a partner. It can be difficult to stop when things are happening, but to avoid infections, it’s highly recommended that you clean it to remove any unwanted bacteria that can lead to STIs. Use a dedicated washcloth, a gentle soap, and protect the battery area. 

Yes! Some people prefer a just-the-two-of-us scenario, while others like to mix things up with toys. Bullet vibrators are a great place to start for this, as they’re small, and so less intimidating to suggest to your partner. Begin by stimulating other erogenous zones on the body, like the neck or nipples, and move to more high profile areas if it feels right. 

What are the best eco-friendly vibrators? 

If you want a vibrator that’s earth-approved for a sustainable sex life, here are a few options:

Gaia is the world’s first biodegradable and recyclable vibrator made from ‘biofeel’, a starch-based bioplastic. 

If you’re looking to spend a little more, Womanizer’s PREMIUM eco is their “first ever Pleasure Air sex toy made from sustainable, renewable materials. 

VeganToys vibrators are all shaped like fruits and veggies. The penis bananas are a little creepy, but all their toys are vegan and good for the planet, so we’re on board. 

Don’t forget your lube! YES have a certified organic, plant-based natural range of intimacy products that are perfect if you want an eco-friendly romp. 

Got a question about vibrators? We’re not shy about answering! Shout out over in our private Facebook group, or drop us a note on Insta @itsyoppie. Don't forget that our personalised menstrual care subscription can get organic tampons, PMS supplements and much more delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox. That's one less thing to worry about each month. That frees up some headspace for thinking about the more fun things you can get up to down there...

What's The Buzz Around Types Of Vibrators?

We’ve all heard the horror stories of this mysterious infection, but what actually is it? What does it look like? Is it as bad as it sounds? And what do you do about it if you catch it? We’re dishing up all the details. Let’s lift the lid on all things chlamydia... 

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that’s usually spread through unprotected sex. It’s caused by certain bacteria, and many people who have it (about 90% of women and 70% of men) don’t experience symptoms in the beginning, though it can cause issues later if left untreated. If you’re not squeamish, you can see a picture of what chlamydia can look like on the Healthline website here. 

In 2019, it was the most commonly diagnosed STI in the UK, and made up 49% of all new STI diagnoses. Yikes. It’s similarly prevalent in other countries, and men and women are both susceptible to chlamydia, but it is mostly women between the ages of 15 and 24 who report symptoms. 

Chlamydia symptoms vary, but in most cases, any symptoms are likely to show up around 1-3 weeks after having sexual contact with an infected individual. People with periods tend to experience: 

Abnormal vaginal discharge/discharge with an unpleasant odour

Painful periods and bleeding between periods

An itching/burning sensation in or around the vagina

Chlamydia is a bacterial infection which tends to spread through sex, or any contact with infected semen or vaginal fluid. In a nutshell, you catch it by having unprotected sex (vaginal, anal or oral), sharing sex toys without washing them or using a condom, getting infected fluids in your eye, or genital-on-genital contact, even without penetration or ejaculation. 

You can’t catch chlamydia through kissing, hugging, or sharing things like towels or cutlery. And let’s put the rumour to bed; you can’t catch it from a toilet seat. Any bacterial STIs can’t survive outside the body. Case closed! 

If you’re sexually active, you can catch chlamydia, but there are ways to reduce your chances. Condoms are best, so use them when having vaginal, anal or oral sex. If you are having oral sex, a dental dam is a piece of thin, soft plastic/latex that covers the vagina and can protect against various STIs. Also, avoid sharing sex toys, or if you do, wash them between uses or cover with a new condom. The NHS recommends getting tested at least once a year if you’re under 25 and sexually active, or when you have a new sexual partner. 

While chlamydia is often easy to treat when caught early, it can - when left untreated - cause some complications. For women, these could include Pelvic Inflammatory Disease which can damage the cervix, uterus and ovaries, affect fertility long-term. It can be painful, and an estimated 10-15% of women with untreated chlamydia develop Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. 

If you have chlamydia during pregnancy, the infection can be passed on to newborns during birth and can cause possible eye infections or pneumonia in newborns, so if you suspect you have symptoms of chlamydia, speak to your GP. 

Other possible complications include inflammation of the neck of the womb (cervicitis), inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis), infection of the urethra (urethritis), and conjunctivitis if passed on through the eye. All in all, if you are concerned that you may have chlamydia, better safe than sorry - get checked out. 

Whether or not you have symptoms, chlamydia screening will determine whether or not you have the infection. Your doctor will usually ask about symptoms and may do several different tests to diagnose - most involve taking a swab from the cervix, or a urine sample. 

You can easily test for chlamydia (free if you’re under 25!) at home with a urine sample or swab test. Order a confidential test kit here, or if you’re over 25, you can get a test at your local GUM clinic, GP’s office, or some pharmacies. 

Got a positive test? Don’t panic. Make an appointment with your doctor to chat about treatment options to help get you clear of chlamydia. 

Chlamydia is usually easily treated with antibiotics, and sometimes can disappear in just a week. You will be asked to avoid sex until you and your partner are finished treatment, and to contact any other recent sexual partners to give them a heads up - it can be awkward, but it’s the right thing to do to help them treat the condition early. Your local GUM clinic can help you do this anonymously. If you have tested positive and are under 25, you have a higher risk of catching it again in future, so you’ll be offered a follow-up test. 

Worried you may have chlamydia? Or have you tested positive? Don’t be afraid to reach out to your GP to get tested or treated. Chlamydia is a very common STI, and luckily it can be easily treated when caught early, so don’t put this off. 

If you have questions, we are happy to answer! Glide into our Instagram DMs at @itsyoppie and let’s talk chlamydia, or reach out to our private FB group where no topic is off-limits. Don't forget that our personalised menstrual care subscription can get organic tampons, PMS supplements and much more delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox. That's one less thing to worry about each month.

What Does Chlamydia Look Like & What To Do About It

A dry, red, painful nose can happen when you’ve had a cold and have been blowing into tissues for days, but if you’re experiencing it all the time there may be something else going on. You guessed it… the hormones are back in town. Let’s take a look at why this may be the case for you, why snout to worry about (get it?), and how you can keep skin hydrated. 

What are the possible causes of dry skin around the nose?

In day-to-day life, anyone can experience dry skin around the nose due to changes in weather, irritation caused by sweat, nursing a cold, skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, having a shower or bath that’s too hot, using the wrong skincare products, and more. 

Hormones can be to blame for just about anything! And in this case, they can even be the cause of dry skin around the nose. Although the nose is known for being part of the oily T-zone and having a lot of sebum-producing pores, this can also be part of the problem. 

Sebum production increases at certain points in your menstrual cycle, and when this happens around the nose it can, in some cases, turn into inflammatory conditions like dermatitis and rosacea, which lead to dry, itchy and sometimes painful skin. 

Another reason is often the drop in estrogen that occurs during your cycle. Estrogen helps stimulate the ideal amount of oil production in order to keep skin healthy and hydrated. Without it, skin can become dry and itchy - not fun if you’re also dealing with hormonal acne, painful periods, mood swings or one of many other possible PMS symptoms!

When am I most likely to experience this? 

If you want to plan ahead for the dry nose days, they will typically fall around the first few days of your period when estrogen and progesterone levels are at their lowest. This is part of the reason for hormonal acne on your period, as dryness causes pores to overcompensate and produce more oil, leading to acne breakouts - just what you need right now! 

The low estrogen level can last until the week after your period, so you may find dry skin (and in particular a dry nose) hangs around until then, when - in the second week of your cycle - hormones start to rise and your skin will likely return to its healthy self around the time of ovulation. Phewf. 

Just like when estrogen decreases during your cycle, estrogen also begins to decrease permanently when you reach perimenopause and beyond, meaning this hormone is no longer available in the body to help stimulate the formation of collagen and oil. The result? You guessed it; dry, itchy skin. 

Due to those changing hormones, the lack of estrogen doesn’t just reduce the skin’s oil production, it may also reduce the body's ability to retain moisture. The first places you will likely notice this are along your T-zone, on your elbows, or elsewhere, but eventually skin becomes drier all over the body and things like the hair and nails can lack moisture too. Damn, another point to dry skin!

Time for a little positivity! Don’t worry, whether it’s your monthly cycle drying up that nose of yours, or it’s menopause calling the shots, there are ways to regain the dewy skin you love and keep it topped up with hydration at all times. Here’s what to do about dry skin:

Always wash your face with a gentle cleanser, and avoid products containing harsh soaps, detergents, alcohol or fragrance. If you’re prone to dry skin on one area (the nose, for example!) try to only wash this area once a day.

Find a moisturiser that works for you and apply it while skin is still damp from the shower or bath. Moisturising products like this act as a barrier to trap existing moisture into dry skin and encourage hydration. 

Try not to over-exfoliate, as scrubbing away dry, flaky skin can be tempting but could cause more damage later down the line. 

A 2017 study found that sun damage is a cause of thin, dry skin, so wear sunscreen to protect your nose from damage and prevent dry, flaky skin. 

Use a humidifier in rooms where you spend a lot of time, to keep skin hydrated.

Take warm showers, not hot. Experts say doing this, and limiting your shower time to 5-10 minutes, could help skin retain moisture instead of losing it. 

Try the Yoppie Winter Revival Hydrating Face Mask. Designed for week 1 of your cycle when skin is at its driest, it contains sodium hyaluronate which can hold up to 1000x its own weight in water - a hydrating miracle when you need it most. 

Concerned about dry skin on your nose? It’s quite a common skin woe, but you should always reach out to a doctor if your skin starts to hurt, there’s an unusual change in the colour/texture of the skin, or the dryness is getting worse over weeks, even with treatment. It’s usually nothing to fret over, but your GP can check everything is as it should be.

Let us know how you handle dry skin around your nose in our private Facebook group or on Insta @itsyoppie. Don't forget that our personalised period box can get menstrual cycle care from organic tampons to hormonal supplements and even skincare delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox so you've got one less thing to worry about during your cycle.

Constant Dry Skin Around Your Nose? Here's What's What

PCOS stands for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and although it’s common and mentioned frequently, it’s not always clear if you have it, or what it means to be diagnosed. We’re looking at all things PCOS here on the blog; the signs and symptoms, what it means for your health and fertility, and how and where to get help and support with the condition. Let’s go…

PCOS is a fairly common condition affecting the function of the ovaries, and the main signs are irregular periods, higher amounts of the hormone androgen leading to excess body hair growth, and enlarged ovaries that can affect fertility. Most people with PCOS don’t even know it, and one study found that up to 70% of people with PCOS hadn’t been diagnosed. 

The word ‘polycystic’ actually means ‘many cysts’, but despite this name, polycystic ovaries don’t actually contain cysts. Instead, they hold harmless underdeveloped sacs (up to 8mm in size) in which eggs develop but are often unable to be released, meaning ovulation cannot take place. Lack of ovulation can alter hormone levels, meaning PCOS can cause the ovaries to produce less progesterone and more of the hormone androgen.

The most common PCOS symptoms tend to be:

Irregular periods - some experience less than 8 periods a year, or even none at all. 

Heavy bleeding - since the uterine lining builds up for longer, periods can be heavier.

Hair growth - around 70% of PCOS sufferers find that excess hair grows on their face and body, such as on their stomach, back or chest. This is known as ‘hirsutism’.

Hair loss - conversely, they may find hair on the scalp can thin and fall out over time. 

Acne - excess androgen can lead to oilier skin, causing acne on the face and body.

Weight gain - many people with PCOS are at higher risk of obesity. 

Fertility issues - those with PCOS may find it more difficult to get pregnant due to irregular ovulation (but this does not mean it is impossible to become pregnant). 

Remember, PCOS looks different for everyone, so you may have just a few symptoms. 

Though symptoms mainly exist due to unbalanced hormones, the underlying cause of PCOS is not entirely clear. Some theories are:

Genes - you may find that PCOS runs in your family

Insulin resistance - around 70% of PCOS sufferers have insulin resistance, meaning their cells can’t use insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas to help the body use sugar from food for energy. When it is not used properly, the need for insulin increases and the pancreas makes more, triggering the ovaries to produce more of the hormone androgen. 

Inflammation - one major cause of insulin resistance is obesity, and this is also a major factor for those with inflammation, which can also affect the hormones. 

There is no single test to diagnose PCOS, but your doctor may ask about your medical history and do a physical exam to check any symptoms. They may recommend a pelvic exam to check for growths or abnormalities, blood tests to check hormone levels, or an ultrasound to examine your ovaries.

As there is no cure for PCOS, treatment is all about managing individual symptoms and concerns, such as hair growth, fertility issues, acne and obesity. Your doctor may recommend medication to treat these symptoms.

If you are trying to get pregnant and experiencing problems, remember that many people with PCOS are able to get pregnant with the right advice and treatment from their doctor, and there are many options available, including medicines and simple surgical procedures. 

Sure! Lifestyle changes are sometimes recommended by doctors. This may mean losing a small amount of weight, adding moderate exercise activities to your routine, and eating healthy foods in order to improve overall health and lessen symptoms. In general, the healthier you are, the less likely you will be to experience severe PCOS symptoms. 

I’m struggling with unwanted hair growth. What can I do?

The hair growth and hair loss side of PCOS is a toughie, but there are medicines available to control this, including certain contraceptive pills that can block the effects of the hormones androgen and testosterone, and can suppress their production in the ovaries. There are also creams to slow the growth of facial hair, as well as many hair removal options, so don’t be shy about asking your GP for advice if you are struggling with this symptom. 

What if PCOS is affecting my fertility? 

PCOS is one of the leading causes of fertility issues in people with periods, but fortunately most people with PCOS can still get pregnant - Victoria Beckham being a great example, four children later! The majority of people can be successfully treated with medication or injections, and IVF is often an option for those struggling with PCOS-specific fertility issues. 

Typically, the first option offered to those who are trying to conceive is a medicine called clomifene which encourages ovulation. In many cases, this is enough to result in pregnancy, but if not there are several other options available. 

Do you have questions about PCOS? We chat about this and much more over in our Full Stop FB group, and you can get in touch on our Instagram at @itsyoppie to ask any questions you have - we’d love to help you find the answers you need. Don't forget that our personalised period box can get organic tampons, PMS supplements and much more delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox, so that's one less thing to worry about each month.

What Is PCOS? Signs, Symptoms & How To Handle It

Ever wondered what that moistness is inside your pants? Actually, getting wet could be several different things depending on where you are in your cycle. If you’re confused about the difference between cervical fluid, discharge, and the stuff that comes out when you’re ‘in the mood’, you’ve come to the right place. Let’s play… name that wetness! 

Discharge is a word that covers all manner of wetness, but if we’re getting specific about what vaginal discharge actually is, it’s a fluid that keeps the vagina clean, moist and protected from infection. Vaginal discharge tends to start appearing before a person gets their first period, sometimes up to 6 months before, and like most menstrual cycle functions, it’s all to do with hormones so it may change in colour and consistency throughout your life. 

In general, healthy discharge is clear or white-ish in colour (often likened to egg whites), may have a slight odour but nothing too overpowering, and sometimes leaves a yellow stain on your underwear. It varies in colour, and if it’s a little pink this can mean there is some blood mixed in from your period or spotting around certain times in your cycle. 

If you’re pregnant, you may find your body producing more vaginal discharge than usual, but that’s normal. Those going through menopause may find that hormones cause their body to produce little to no discharge. Also normal. 

Ah yes, the sexy kind of fluid! Arousal fluid comes from the Bartholin’s gland in and around the vagina, and arrives when you feel sexually aroused, such as during foreplay or when you see someone who tickles your fancy. Its purpose is to lubricate the vagina to make it easier for things to slide on in there, like a penis, for example. This decreases the risk of friction or any skin tears. After sex is over, it tends to disappear within about an hour. Convenient stuff. 

Those taking hormone replacement therapy may find they have an increase in vaginal wetness, and this is due to higher estrogen levels that cause the Bartholin’s gland to produce more fluid. 

Cervical fluid is a type of discharge that’s made up of carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, and changes in colour, texture and consistency throughout your cycle due to hormone fluctuations. It comes from the cervix (hence the name), and we say cervical fluid, but it’s more like mucus and can feel sticky to the touch. 

During the ovulation part of your cycle, you may notice it becomes thicker in consistency, sometimes indicating peak fertility. Your cervical fluid shows up during this time to help you get pregnant, as the texture and pH of the mucus is designed to protect sperm, making these your most fertile days. 

When your estrogen levels are highest, this is when cervical fluid becomes more watery in its consistency, so you may find your underwear feels wetter when this happens. Also, if you take birth control pills, these can thicken your cervical fluid so sperm are unable to reach the egg, and you may find it has a different consistency when you’re on the pill. 

It’s not always clear what the wetness is, but let’s summarise some of the characteristics:

Discharge is clear or white-ish in colour, and has a slight odour but nothing nasty. It can appear throughout your cycle. 

Arousal fluid has more of a slippery texture and is present only when you’re sexually aroused or having sex. 

Cervical fluid is more like mucus, feels sticky to the touch, and appears most often during ovulation to assist sperm in successfully reaching the egg.

What if my ‘fluids’ differ from normal? 

Mostly, any kind of vaginal discharge is pretty standard and consistent. The only thing that may change is the amount coming out of the vagina (for example, when you’re ovulating, breastfeeding, sexually aroused, etc.) and the colour, depending on what stage of your menstrual cycle you’re in. This is normal. You may notice changes in the smell too, but it shouldn’t be too drastic. 

You never need to panic if anything does change with your vaginal discharge, as most things can be cleared up with a visit to the doctor, but don’t put this off. If you notice anything abnormal or feel any pain, itching or burning, you might have an infection or another condition that needs to be checked over by your GP. 

Watch out for discharge that’s grey in colour, as this could be a sign of bacterial vaginosis (BV), or cervical fluid that is green in colour, or has a sort of cottage cheese look about it. Any changes like this could be a sign of an STI (sexually transmitted infection), as well as things like bleeding between periods or after sex, pain when going to the bathroom, or pain in your abdomen or pelvis area. If in doubt, get it checked out. 

Do you have questions about any of the above types of wetness? Slip and slide into our DMs! We’re always up for answering your questions on our private Facebook group or on Instagram at @itsyoppie, so let us know what’s on your mind.  Don't forget that our personalised period box can get organic tampons, PMS supplements and more delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox, so that's one load off your mind about everything that might be going on down there.

Getting Wet: The Difference Between Cervical Fluid, Arousal Fluid & Discharge

If you clutched your pearls and gasped at the word ‘coregasm’, you’re about to have your mind blown. Yes, a coregasm is a real thing, and we’ve been doing some digging to find out what it is, how it happens, and how we can have one. Don’t pretend you weren’t wondering the same thing...

A coregasm might sound like a schoolyard myth, but it’s actually been recognised by scientists as early as the 1950s. Yes folks, we’re getting historical with our orgasm research! It’s thought to be an orgasm that occurs while you are engaging in a core-focused exercise or workout, and it’s actually mentioned in medical literature, where it is called an exercise-induced orgasm (EIO) or exercise-induced sexual pleasure (EISP). Blimey. 

The cause of these elusive orgasms is up for debate, as scientists haven’t quite figured out the details. It’s believed that when you engage your core muscles during intense exercise, the pelvic floor muscles contract as a result, and if you’re lucky, may cause some sort of inner stimulation that leads to an orgasm. And it’s not just women who have experienced this. In men, the same ab engagement has been known to lead to prostate stimulation. 

Many factors affect the possibility of having a coregasm, and although one factor can be your emotional state at the time of exercising, scientists have found that coregasms seem to happen independently from sexual thoughts and fantasies, and are considered asexual in nature - it’s only physical. 

There’s not much research on coregasms yet (damn it!), but according to Dr Debby Herbenick - PhD, Professor at Indiana University School of Public Health, and author of The Coregasm Workout - they may be more common than we once thought. 

The problem is there isn’t much societal conversation around the phenomenon, as (let’s face it) if you have an epic orgasm while doing your daily crunches, are you going to tell the world? Probably not. Herbenick’s research suggests coregasms are pretty common, and it is reported that around 10% of women and 8% of men have experienced one at some point. 

Like other orgasms, they are likely to feel entirely different for each individual. Some intense and ground-shaking, others quick and barely-there. Herbenick’s findings suggest that the coregasm more closely resembles a vaginal intercourse orgasm than an external orgasm involving clitoral stimulation, so there’s that. 

Looking for the perfect combo of crunches and leg raises to achieve the best workout of your life? Unfortunately we can’t give you an exact blueprint. In fact, even with the most rigorous, ab-burning, core-blasting workout known to mankind (please don’t injure yourself!), a coregasm isn’t something you can guarantee will happen. It is thought that an ideal combination of your muscle strength and exercise form, and even your anatomy could play a huge part in whether or not this is possible for you to achieve. 

That said, trying some of the most likely core exercises could help you discover if this is something that happens to you. If you want to see a whole bunch of example exercises, Women’s Health Magazine have a blog post about it, but if you’re ready to get down to it with some simple moves, here are the exercises we’ve found that could induce a coregasm: 

Sit-ups or crunches: Easy peasy. These are sure to force your abdominal and hip muscles to contract, making the stimulation required for a coregasm more likely.  

Squats: Squats may not seem like a core-focused exercise, but they cause you to use your glutes and brace your core muscles, so they have coregasm potential. 

Leg lifts: According to some Reddit users, these have brought on a coregasm or two, most likely due to the core engagement needed to get your legs off the ground. 

Plank: Another core killer, but this one requires drawing in your navel and squeezing, which it is thought could trigger a coregasm.

Hanging ab exercises: Leg raises, hanging tucks, hanging flutter kicks, and the like all require a fair amount of core tightening, which as we all know... 

Yoga: Certain yoga poses require a lot of core strength, such as bridge, boat, chair, dolphin and more. When you hold these for a prolonged period of time, you may find your core is engaged just enough to bring on a coregasm. 

Remember, you don’t need to smash out a HIIT workout to achieve this. You may still feel results with a low-impact session that focuses on form and engages the core. 

How can I increase my chances of having a coregasm?

Not having any luck? While there’s really no guarantee of a coregasm no matter how many sit-ups you do, you may be able to increase your chances of having one by engaging in Kegel exercises while you work out, using mindfulness to focus, and even starting your workout with 20-30 minutes of cardio before moving on to abs to get your blood pumping. Even if you don’t achieve a coregasm, these activities could help increase your sexual arousal so that when your workout is finished, you’re ready to go. 

On a totally unrelated note, anyone up for hitting the gym soon?

If you have any questions about all things coregasms, we’d love to help. You can ask away over in our private Facebook group, or drop us a note on Insta @itsyoppie. Don't forget that our personalised period box can get organic tampons, eco pads, supplements, and more, delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox. That frees up some time for...exercise. Yeah. Let's say exercise. 😉

What The Heck Is A Coregasm!?

Humans began mass producing plastic around 60 years ago, and since then we have produced more than 8 billion metric tons of the stuff, only to find out that it’s not all that great for the environment. It’s estimated that only 9% of that plastic has been recycled, with 12% being incinerated, and almost 80% ending up in landfills, or making its way into rivers, oceans, and other natural environments. 

Due to its ability to break down into microscopic pieces, plastic may be a problem you can’t even see. We’re diving into all things microplastics, why they’re a big issue when it comes to personal care and cosmetic products, and what you can do to help. 

What are microplastics, and where do they come from? 

Microplastics are officially defined as pieces of plastic under 5 millimetres, and while a few teeny tiny bits of plastic may not sound very threatening, when millions - even billions - of them end up in our environment they start to cause damage. 

“Primary” microplastics come from commercial processes, such as the microfibre shedding from clothing and other textiles, and in cosmetic products when beads of polyethylene plastic are added to products like face scrubs, toothpaste and the like. “Secondary” microplastics come from larger plastic items that have disintegrated into smaller pieces over time. This is often due to environmental factors like the sun and ocean waves.

Are microplastics different from microbeads?

In recent years, we all became more aware of the problems that ‘microbeads’ were causing for our environment, and in 2015, President Barack Obama signed the Microbead-Free Waters Act which banned plastic microbeads in cosmetics and personal care products. The UK followed up with a similar ban in 2018. 

While banning microbeads is a step in the right direction, it hasn’t stopped microplastics from wreaking havoc. They even end up in our water systems, with research finding that 99.9% of microplastics are removed from UK drinking water and waste water through treatment processes, taking the average amount from 4.9 microplastics per litre, down to 0.00011 microplastics per litre. 

This process is highly effective and protects us from high amounts of microplastics in our drinking water, but it doesn’t stop microplastics making their way into our environment and being ingested by the other creatures who call this planet home.

Microplastics are pieces of plastic that have not yet decomposed, and this could take hundreds, even thousands of years to happen. In the meantime, they damage the environment and can be dangerous to marine life and other animals who consume them. 

Some of this is due to littering, but much of it happens due to storms, water runoff, winds, and other environmental factors that carry single-use plastic into the ocean and waterways. As a result, microplastics have been found in everything from giant whales to tiny plankton, as wildlife can accidentally consume microplastics, causing gastrointestinal blockages. These blockages can either cause death directly, or indirectly through starvation.

If it wasn’t shocking enough that microplastics are affecting marine life, they are now being found in our food chain, with recent research discovering that evidence of microplastics has been detected in humans for the first time. A 2017 UN resolution addressed the need for regulations to minimise the impact of microplastics on our oceans, animals, and ourselves. 

How are tampons and other products contributing to the problem?

One source of microplastics is undoubtedly the mainstream brands of menstrual products, which come wrapped in plastic, are inserted using plastic applicators, are removed using the plastic strings that hang down, and even have microfibre plastic in their absorbent core. 

And pads are usually even worse. Their leak-proof base contains plastic, as do the peel-away stickers, the outer packaging, and the plastic wings that help stick a pad in place. Many big brands have not yet addressed the issue of excessive plastic in their period products, and this is one of the reasons Yoppie exists. 

Thanks to the ban on microbeads, your bathroom cabinet is already looking a lot more sustainable, but there are things you may want to try out to reduce your plastic impact further. Here are just a few:

Buy from eco-friendly beauty brands that take their sustainability goals seriously (look out for greenwashing brands that claim sustainability through false promises)

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